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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">102</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="index">urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:73abe0ce-d97c-5d7c-bee5-b8e6e6fe6a17</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">ARPHA Preprints</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">preprints</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Pensoft Publishers</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3897/arphapreprints.e108908</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">108908</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="scientific_subject">
          <subject>Computer &amp; Information sciences</subject>
          <subject>Data analysis &amp; Modelling</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="sdg">
          <subject>Industry</subject>
          <subject> innovation &amp; infrastructure</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>How FDO Attributes can Support Machine and Human Readability? - A Description along Three Examples</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="authors">
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Schwardmann</surname>
            <given-names>Ulrich</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:type="simple">uschwar1@gwdg.de</email>
          <uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6337-8674</uri>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Kálmán</surname>
            <given-names>Tibor</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="A1">
        <label>1</label>
        <addr-line content-type="verbatim">GWDG, Göttingen, Germany</addr-line>
        <institution>GWDG</institution>
        <addr-line content-type="city">Göttingen</addr-line>
        <country>Germany</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <fn fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Corresponding author: Ulrich Schwardmann (<email xlink:type="simple">uschwar1@gwdg.de</email>).</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Academic editor: </p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>04</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <uri content-type="arpha" xlink:href="http://openbiodiv.net/232C8C69-66EF-5381-AAAE-4DC9BCFEF0D8">232C8C69-66EF-5381-AAAE-4DC9BCFEF0D8</uri>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>02</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>02</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Ulrich Schwardmann, Tibor Kálmán</copyright-statement>
        <license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">
          <license-p>This is an open access preprint distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <label>Abstract</label>
        <p>Based on the notion of a FAIR Digital Object (FDO) record, which is consised of key-value pairs as attributes that are precisely defined in a Data Type Registry and selected in a profile, we show three examples of FDOs from different viewpoints how FDO records can be implemented as Handle PID records. As references to the attribute definitions, the keys determine the value space of the attribute. In the first two examples the profiles enable human readable keys and legacy digital objects to be integrated into FDO records. How legacy metadata from IANA media types can be transformed into structured metadata of appropriate attribute definitions that then can be applied in profiles and FDO records, is described in the third example.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
