Preprint
ARPHA Preprints
https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e170340 (29 Aug 2025)
https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e170340 (29 Aug 2025)
Submitted to Frontiers of Biogeography
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ARPHA Preprints
doi:
10.3897/arphapreprints.e170340
First posted
29 Aug 2025
Authors
Jan Bernhard Kalusche
- Corresponding author
Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Chair of Global Change Ecology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
Technical University Munich, Department for Terrestrical Ecology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany
Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), School of Mathematics and Science, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
IRD, Nouméa, New Caledonia (Fr)
Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung GmbH – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany
Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany
Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
German Centre for integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Jena, Germany
Chair of Global Change Ecology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
Technical University Munich, Department for Terrestrical Ecology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
Conflict of interest
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Disclaimer: This article is (co-)authored by any of the Editors-in-Chief, Managing Editors or their deputies in this journal.
Supporting agencies
This study was supported by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) via the DynaCom Research Unit (FOR2716; grants HO3952/3-2, HI 848/26–2, HI 848/29–1). S.A.F. gratefully acknowledges the support of iDiv funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG– _FZT 118, 202548816), as well as support by the Leibniz Competition of the Leibniz Association (P52/2017).
This is an open access preprint distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.