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ARPHA Preprints
https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e182452 (15 Dec 2025)
Submitted to Estuarine Management and Technologies
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ARPHA Preprints
doi: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e182452
First posted 15 Dec 2025
Author
Emad Ali Al-Helaly - Corresponding author
University of Kufa, Faculty of Engineering, Najaf, Iraq
Articles by this author in:  CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Google Scholar
Author contributions

[Author 1: Emad A. Al Helaly] conceived the research idea, designed the methodology, performed the supervised classification and change detection analysis, and wrote the original draft manuscript.

[Author 2: Israa J. Muhsin]  managed the data acquisition and pre-processing, conducted the accuracy assessment and validation, and contributed to the review and editing of the manuscript.

[Author 3: Ali H. Al Rammahi] provided critical review, technical consultation on hydrological interpretation, and supervised the overall research


Conflict of interest
The author has declared that no competing interests exist.
This is an open access preprint distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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