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ARPHA Preprints
https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e194533 (07 Apr 2026)
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ARPHA Preprints
doi: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e194533
First posted 07 Apr 2026
Authors
Haim Biale
The Volcani Center, Rishon Letsiyon, Israel
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Marcel Maymon
The Volcani Center, Rishon Letsiyon, Israel
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Daniel Bensimon
Extension Service, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Rishon Letsiyon, Israel
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Shahar Samra
Plant Protection and Inspection Services and Extension Service, Beit Dagan, Israel
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Nitsan Birnbaum
Forest Department, KKL,, Eshtaol, Israel
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Omer Golan
Forest Department, KKL,, Eshtaol, Israel
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Stanley Freeman
The Volcani Center, Rishon Letsiyon, Israel
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Dana Ment
The Volcani Center, Rishon Letsiyon, Israel
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Zvi Mendel - Corresponding author
The Volcani Center, Rishon Letsiyon, Israel
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Author contributions

 Conceptualization: DM, SF and ZM; methodology: HB, MM, DBS, SS and ZM, formal analysis: HB, MM and ZM, investigation: HB, MM, SF, DM and ZM.  Resources: OG and NB; data curation: HB, DM and ZM; writing original draft and editing: ZM, DM, HB and SF, project administration: NB, OG, HB and DM, funding acquisition: DM, SF and ZM.


Conflict of interest
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Supporting agencies
1) KKL-JNF, 2) ICA, Yad Hanadiv and the Israel Society of Ecology and Environment, 3) Nekudat Hen and 4) Extension Services
This is an open access preprint distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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