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ARPHA Preprints
https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e205312 (29 Jun 2026)
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ARPHA Preprints
doi: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e205312
First posted 29 Jun 2026
Authors
   
Juan José Quintero Hortúa - Corresponding author
Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Tecnologías, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Quindío, Colombia., Armenia, Colombia
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Jorge Mario Londoño Caicedo
Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Muchigan, USA., East Lansing, United States of America
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Andres J. Cortés
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia., Medellín, Colombia
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Alejandro Zuluaga
Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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Victor Hugo García Merchán
Research Group of Evolution, Ecology and Conservation (EECO), Faculty of Basic Sciences, Biology Program, University of Quindío, Carrera 15 Street 12 North, Armenia, 630004, Colombia., Armenia, Colombia
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Germán Darío Gómez Marín
Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología de la Universidad del Quindío (GIBUQ), Cra. 15 #12N, Armenia, Quindío, Colombia., Armenia, Colombia
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Larri Álvarez Rodas
Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología de la Universidad del Quindío (GIBUQ), Cra. 15 #12N, Armenia, Quindío, Colombia., Armenia, Colombia
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Author contributions
L.A.R. conceived the main research idea. L.A-R., J.J.Q.H., and J.M.L.C. conducted the field expeditions and collected the plant material. J.J.Q.H. and J.M.L.C. carried out all laboratory procedures, including DNA extraction and PCR amplifications. J.J.Q.H. and J.M.L.C. analyzed all genetic data and, with the assistance of A.J.C., interpreted the results. J.J.Q-H., J.M.L-C., L.A-R., G.D.G., A.J.C., V.H.G.M. and A.Z.T. contributed to the discussion of the results. J.J.Q.H. wrote the first version of the manuscript. J.J.Q.H., J.M.L.C., L.A-R., G.D.G., A.J.C., V.H.G.M. and A.Z.T.. reviewed the first version of the manuscript, provided suggestions, and made substantial revisions. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Conflict of interest
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
This is an open access preprint distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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