Preprint
ARPHA Preprints
https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e209152 (27 Jul 2026)
https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e209152 (27 Jul 2026)
Submitted to Population and Economics
Other versions:
- Preprint InfoPreprint Info
- CiteCite
- MetricsMetrics
- CommentComment
- RelatedRelated
- CitedCited
ARPHA Preprints
doi:
10.3897/arphapreprints.e209152
First posted
27 Jul 2026
Authors

Axel Gabin Gabin Njomy Njenkoua
- Corresponding author
University of Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne, Paris, France

Université Paris 1 - Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France
Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Conflict of interest
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Disclaimer: This article is (co-)authored by any of the Editors-in-Chief, Managing Editors or their deputies in this journal.
This is an open access preprint distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.