ARPHA Preprints, doi: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e193155
A Browser-Based Curation Tool for Expert Review of DNA Barcode Records from BOLD Systems
expand article infoStephan Kühbandner, Fabian Deister, Axel Hausmann, Michael J. Raupach, Ben Price§, Torbjørn Ekrem|, Elisabeth Stur|, Brent Emerson, Peter M. Hollingsworth#, Rutger Aldo Vos¤, Leonardo Dapporto«, Adele Bordoni«, Claudia Bruschini«, Sónia Ferreira»˄
‡ Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich, Germany§ Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom| Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway¶ Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain# Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom¤ Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands« Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy» CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal˄ BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
Open Access
Abstract

We present a browser-based curation tool developed to support expert validation of taxonomic records derived from the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). This tool forms a critical component of a two-step approach designed within the EU Horizon Europe project Biodiversity Genomics Europe (BGE) to build a high-quality, curated DNA barcode reference library for European species. The upstream component—a bioinformatics pipeline described in a companion publication—automatically filters, cleans, and ranks BOLD records based on metadata completeness, sequence quality, and taxonomic consistency. However, certain complex cases, such as misidentifications, nomenclatorial problems (e.g. synonymy), BIN-sharing (multiple species sharing one BIN) or BIN-splitting (a single species associated with multiple BINs), cannot be fully resolved by automated methods and require expert judgment.

Our curation tool enables taxonomic experts to interactively inspect, validate, or exclude individual records, update species names, assign curation statuses, and provide curator notes. The tool supports real-time statistics for BIN conflicts and dynamically updates curation metrics as the expert interacts with the data. Its user interface is designed to simplify the review of large datasets while ensuring consistency, traceability, and minimal risk of structural errors common in spreadsheet-based curation workflows.

The curated output from this tool, combined with the automated pipeline, forms the foundation of a reference library suitable for accurate DNA-based species identification in biodiversity monitoring and ecological studies. By integrating expert knowledge into a standardized and scalable interface, the tool supports the creation of FAIR, version-controlled reference libraries essential in the era of accelerating biodiversity loss and declining taxonomic capacity.

Keywords
Reference library curation, BOLD, Taxonomic records, BIN, DNA barcoding
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