Paul Lorenzo Gaite, Wilson F Aala, Jr‡, Michael G Bacus‡, Christian C Labrador‡, April Mae M Numeron‡, Lief Erikson D Gamalo§‡|, Lyre Anni E Murao§‡|Corresponding author: Paul Lorenzo Gaite ( pagaite1@up.edu.ph ) Corresponding author: Lyre Anni Murao ( lemurao@up.edu.ph ) © Paul Lorenzo Gaite, Wilson Aala, Jr, Michael Bacus, Christian Labrador, April Mae Numeron, Lief Erikson Gamalo, Lyre Anni Murao. This is an open access preprint distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Citation:
Gaite PL, Aala, Jr WF, Bacus MG, Labrador CC, Numeron AMM, Gamalo LED, Murao LAE (2021) The first complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Cynopterus brachyotis (Müller, 1838) from the Philippines. ARPHA Preprints. https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e72774 |  |
The technical limitations of capillary sequencing in providing insights on phylogeny have been greatly aided in recent years by the implementation of next generation sequencing platforms which can generate whole mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences. In this study, enriched mitochondrial DNA of Cynopterus brachyotis from Mindanao, Philippines was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. A total of 653,967 clean paired-end reads was assembled using a MIRA-MITObim pipeline, resulting to a consensus mitogenome sequence length of 17,382 bases and a GC content of 41.48%, which is consistent with other published mitogenomes in fruit bats. The assembled C. brachyotis mitogenome was annotated using the MITOS online server and was able to resolve all mitochondrial genes, except for one transfer RNA gene (trnT) which may be further resolved by additional capillary sequencing of the region. Sequence analysis showed that the Philippine C. brachyotis is only 90%-91% homologous with other Cynopterus spp. based on its full mitogenome sequence. Phylogenetic analysis of fruit bat mitogenomes deposited in online repositories revealed that the Philippine C. brachyotis in this study has diverged from Asian Cynopterus, namely Cynopterus brachyotis and Cynopterus sphinx from other parts of Asia (100% bootstrap support) with the latter two forming a separate clade. This divergence at the species level was consistent with phylogentic inference using cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) and cytochrome B (cytb) gene markers. Our results strengthen the previously reported hypothesis that the C. brachyotis in the Philippines is distinct from its Asian counterparts and should be therefore elevated to a new species.