DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e191610

Authors: Priscila Gil

Abstract: This article proposes a screening tool based on the analysis of frustration as an integrative expression of emotional and neurofunctional dimensions. The matrix considers four main axes: early emotional experiences (wounded inner child), ADHD (executive and emotional dysregulation), giftedness (psychic intensity and internal demand), and autism spectrum traits (sensory structure and relational rigidity). The instrument uses common frustration scenarios with mapped responses for each profile, evaluated on a scale from 0 to 3. The tool enables the identification of the predominant origin of frustration and contributes to clinical listening, self-awareness, and therapeutic planning. The pilot application was conducted with an adult participant whose responses indicated a pattern compatible with traits of ADHD, giftedness, and significant emotional experiences in childhood. This is a qualitative and exploratory study, aimed at future empirical validation. The matrix is presented as a complementary contribution to clinical practice in therapeutic and educational contexts.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e174548

Authors: Luciana Chavez Rodriguez, Guilherme Oyarzabal, Bruno Eleres Soares, Alejandra Guzmán Luna, César Marín

Abstract: A brain drain phenomenon, i.e., the migration of highly skilled professionals, has represented and still represents a severe loss of intellectual capital for Global South countries. Factors driving this migration include limited research infrastructure, funding constraints, political instability, and the lack of scientific career prospects in the Global South, and the consequences are multifaceted. While this can hinder local development in the Global South, it simultaneously enriches research ecosystems in the Global North, exacerbating existing global inequalities in science and technology. Under this scenario, scientific diasporas represent an effort to counterbalance the brain drain scenario through initiatives that aim to increase science and technology, which are led by self-organized expat professionals and scientists. While we can find some successful examples of international cooperation driven by scientific diasporas, without a proper organization and full participation of the governments of the countries of origin, scientific diasporas can become dysfunctional and can promote more migration upon training. We, five early-career scientists, discuss our perspectives and personal reflections on scientific diasporas. We describe three migration models of highly skilled professionals, starting with a brain drain model, scientific diaspora, and dysfunctional scientific diaspora, and provide some ideas to help the implementation of successful scientific diasporas. We believe that migration must be a personal decision seeking scientific growth and professional development, and not the only option we should have to pursue a fulfilling career in science.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e144181

Authors: Manfred Asiedu, Gideon Twieku, Rhoda Lims

Abstract: We propose to explore an eco-friendly and sustainable approach to malaria control by employing fish as biological agents to reduce mosquito populations. Given the rising challenges of insecticide resistance and the environmental concerns associated with chemical interventions, this project investigates the effectiveness of fish species in consuming mosquito larvae, thereby lowering the prevalence of malaria vectors. Through a combination of laboratory experiments, ecological assessments and community engagement in malaria-endemic regions, the project will identify optimal fish species for this purpose, assess their impact on local ecosystems and gauge community perspectives on adopting fish-based malaria control methods. Key objectives include evaluating predation efficiency, determining ecological compatibility, quantifying the reduction in malaria transmission and fostering local involvement to enhance sustainability. This innovative approach has the potential to provide a scalable, environmentally conscious solution for malaria management, contributing to global public health efforts and advancing sustainable disease control strategies.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e139375

Authors: Lane Rasberry, Daniel Mietchen

Abstract: Various sources describe Wikipedia's popularity in different ways, including by count of its users, frequency of use, and its utility as an information resource in many fields of knowledge. The Wikimedia Foundation has claimed that Wikipedia has reached billions of readers; commercial web traffic services have ranked Wikipedia as a top-10 website by popularity; and researchers analyzing demographic surveys and user behavior metrics have described Wikipedia readers in enough detail to identify general trends. Researchers note that Wikipedia traffic data is public for examination, and also that the Wikipedia volunteer editorial community invites transparency by developing ethical guidelines to encourage analysis of Wikipedia's impact. Although Wikipedia is popular and its audience metrics are accessible, Wikipedia is unlike comparable media platforms and services in that it is rarely the target of professional, expert, or sponsored content development. We review the literature describing Wikipedia, and offer commentary on the dual nature of Wikipedia as simultaneously a popular communication channel and a media outlet with little documented recognition for its success in reaching audiences.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e132939

Authors: Matt von Konrat, Yarency Rodriguez, Colleen Bailey, Gilbert Gwilliam III, Christine Christian, Blanka Aguero, June Ahn, Zoe Albion, James Allen, Colin Bailey, Erryn Blake, Winnie Blake, Gwen Blake, Laura Briscoe, Jessica Budke, Thomas Campbell, Matt Chansler, Dina Clark, Robin Delapena, Michael Denslow, Shari Ellis, Elizabeth Ellwood, Belle Ens, Nkosi Evans, Alejandra Fabian, Wyatt Gaswick, Kate Golembiewski, Sharon Grant, Kimberly Hansen, Brittany Janney, Janeen Jones, Zachary Kachian, Lucia Kawasaki, Olivia Leek, Kacee Kellum, Crystal Maier, Austin Mast, Joann Martinec, Paul Mayer, Melissa Mladek, Ainun Nadhifah, Christopher Neefus, Mary Nodulman, Margaret Oliver, Kelsey Overberg, A. Townsend Peterson, Ayesha Qazi-Lampert, Carl Rothfels, Robert Salm, Dawn Schreiner, Matthew Schreiner, Eric Tepe, Maureen Turcatel, Amelia Vega, Heaven Wade, Dianne Weinand, Kate Webbink, Todd Widhelm, Miranda Zwingelberg

Abstract: A comprehensive overview of volunteer-driven public programs focused on activities to enhance natural history collections (NHCs) is provided. The initiative revolves around the WeDigBio events and the Collections Club at the Field Museum, aiming to deepen the public's connection with scientific collections, enhance participatory science, and improve data associated with natural history specimens. The implementation and journey of these programs are outlined, including surveys conducted from 2015 through 2021 to gauge participant motivation, satisfaction, and the impact of these events on public engagement with NHCs. Results show trends in on-site and virtual volunteer participation over the years, especially during the peak period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of participants expressed high satisfaction, indicating a willingness to continue participating in similar activities. The surveys revealed a shift towards more altruistic motivations for participation over time, with increased emphasis on supporting the Field Museum and contributing to the scientific community. The success of participatory science events demonstrates the potential of volunteer-driven programs to contribute meaningfully to the preservation, digitisation, and understanding of biodiversity collections, ultimately transforming spectators into stewards of natural history. From 2015 to present participants celebrate a significant milestone, with over a thousand community scientists contributing to the inventorying, collection care, curation, databasing, or transcription of 286,071 specimens, objects or records. We also discuss accuracy and quality control as well as a checklist and recommendations for similar activities.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e132163

Authors: Marit Schnepf, Simone Prestes Dürrnagel, Giacomo Laghetto, Teresa Pastor, Carol Ritchie

Abstract: NaturaConnect is a Horizon Europe research project, which aims to work closely with key stakeholders to co-develop tools and build capacity that will assist European Union Member States to design a resilient, coherent, and well-connected network of protected and conserved areas – the Trans-European Nature Network (TEN-N). The project aims to elicit stakeholder visions and to tailor knowledge and tools, resulting from engagement and dissemination efforts across Europe and in six specific case study areas. This report provides an overview of the stakeholder engagement during the first half of the project, outlines the capacity building approach and briefly discusses the main communication activities. An overview of applied methods in the stakeholder analysis, results from the stakeholder mapping and an evaluation of the engagement activities conducted until end of 2023 are described. Capacity building is a crucial project component in developing knowledge, understanding, skills and competences for users of the NaturaConnect frameworks, data and tools. The capacity building evaluation of this report focuses on the NaturaConnect Learning Platform and the NaturaConnect Training Needs Assessment. This mid-term report assesses engagement activities conducted until date in order to address any identified bottlenecks. The capacity building part provides an overview of applied methods and tools for assessing training needs and describes key features of the NaturaConnect Learning Platform.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e116673

Authors: Pooja Bhattacharjee, Ian Bird, Francesca Calore, Caterina Doglioni, Christopher Eckner, Elena Gazzarrini, Lukas Heinrich, Tetiana Hryn'ova, Valerio Ippolito, Jared Little, Stephen Serjeant, Mikhail Smirnov

Abstract: This document summarizes the design, status and results of the Dark Matter Science Project from the ESCAPE cluster within the EOSC-Future project as of November 2022. 

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e110523

Authors: María Eugenia Vega Cendejas, Mirella Hernandez de Santillana, Sonia Palacios-Sánchez

Abstract: Length-weight relationships (LWR) were estimated for 44 fish species collected from the unprotected Yucatan coastal Corridor. The sample was composed of species represented by 23 families: Urotrygonidae [Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier, 1816)], Albulidae [Albula vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758)]; Elopidae [Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766], Engraulidae [Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus, 1758), Anchoa lamprotaenia Hildebrand, 1943, Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh, 1900), Anchoa mitchilli (Valenciennes, 1848)]; Dorosomatidae [Harengula jaguana Poey, 1865, Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818)]; Ariidae [Ariopsis felis (Linnaeus, 1766), Bagre marinus (Mitchill, 1815)]; Synodontidae [Synodus foetens (Linnaeus, 1766)]; Batrachoididae [Opsanus beta (Goode & Bean, 1880)]; Mugilidae [Mugil curema Valenciennes, 1836, Mugil trichodon Poey, 1875]; Belonidae [Strongylura notata (Poey, 1860), Strongylura timucu (Walbaum, 1792)]; Hemiramphidae [Chriodorus atherinoides Goode & Bean, 1882, Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani, 1841)]; Carangidae [Caranx latus Agassiz, 1831, Oligoplites saurus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), Selene vomer (Linnaeus, 1758), Trachinotus carolinus (Linnaeus, 1766), Trachinotus falcatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Trachinotus goodei Jordan & Evermann 1896]; Cynoglossidae [Symphurus plagiusa (Linnaeus, 1766)]; Gerreidae [Eucinostomus argenteus Baird & Girard, 1855, Eucinostomus gula (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), Eucinostomus harengulus Goode & Bean, 1879]; Grammistidae [Rypticus maculatus Holbrook 1855]; Haemulidae [Orthopristis chrysoptera (Linnaeus, 1766)]; Lutjanidae [Lutjanus griseus (Linnaeus, 1758)]; Triglidae [Prionotus tribulus Cuvier, 1829]; Ephippidae [Chaetodipterus faber (Broussonet, 1782)]; Sciaenidae [Bairdiella chrysoura (Lacepède, 1802), Cynoscion arenarius, Ginsburg, 1930; Menticirrhus americanus (Linnaeus, 1758), Menticirrhus littoralis (Holbrook, 1847), Menticirrhus saxatilis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)], Sparidae [Archosargus rhomboidalis (Linnaeus, 1758), Lagodon rhomboides (Linnaeus, 1766)]; Ostraciidae [Acanthostracion quadricornis (Linnaeus, 1758)]; Tetraodontidae [Sphoeroides spengleri (Bloch, 1785), Sphoeroides testudineus (Linnaeus, 1758)]. A new maximum standard length (SL) was recorded for Anchoa lamprotaenia. A positive allometric growth was reported in fourteen species, negative allometric growth in 26 species, and isometric growth in four species.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e108817

Authors: Anne Fouilloux, Elisa Trasatti, Federica Foglini, Alejandro Coca-Castro, Jean Iaquinta

Abstract: The numerous benefits of Open Science (OS) and of the four FAIR foundational principles -Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable- are increasingly valued in academia, although what OS and FAIR entail is still largely misunderstood. In such conditions putting in practice OS and applying the FAIR principles is challenging and underrated. However, realising OS is perfectly within grasp provided that an infrastructure supporting the management of the research lifecycle is available. RoHub is precisely a Research Object (RO) management platform implementing three complementary technologies: Research Objects, Data Cubes and Artificial Intelligence-based Text Mining services. RoHub enables researchers to collaboratively manage, share and preserve their research while they are still working on it (rather than after the work is finished). In this paper, three communities from Earth Sciences, namely Geohazards, Sea Monitoring and Climate Change, demonstrate how RoHub helped them to understand each other and to work openly, and more importantly how communities of practice play an important role in facilitating reuse and interdisciplinary collaboration. These findings are illustrated with several use cases from these various communities.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e94687

Authors: Shweata Hegde, Ayush Garg, Peter Murray-Rust, Daniel Mietchen

Abstract: Ethical aspects of research are steadily receiving more attention, from descriptions of research that is proposed to be done to the documentation of ongoing research to reports about research already performed. One of the ways in which this trend manifests itself is the increasingly common addition of ethics statements to publications in fields like biomedicine, psychology or ethnography. Such ethics statements in publications provide the reader with a window into some of the practical yet typically hidden aspects of research ethics. As more and more publications are becoming available in full text and in machine readable formats through repositories like Europe PubMed Central, we propose to mine the literature for ethics statements and to extract information about the various aspects of research ethics that they address. The more standardized these statements are, the better the mined materials can be converted into structured and queryable information that can in turn be used to inform efforts towards higher levels of standardization in research ethics. This paper sketches out the motivation for such mining and outlines some methodological approaches that could be leveraged towards this end.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e87711

Authors: Sigrid Fahrer, Tamara Heck, Ronny Röwert, Naomi Truan

Abstract: The Open Science Fellow Program offered a community where researchers learned to work openly. Within this environment, questions came up on how to teach openly, i.e. which practices stand for open learning and teaching and which proven examples can be shared amongst colleagues and peers? Different concepts of open educational practices aim at giving answers to open learning and teaching. However, open educational practices still lack a common definition and many discussions on the topic only give minimal or implicit guidance to concrete approaches of being open - despite the creation and sharing of open educational resources.Investigating how we, practitioners, implement concepts of open educational practices in the classroom was the activator for the autoethnographic study we describe in this paper. Starting from a literature search to seek evidence of explicit concepts of OEP, we reflected those concepts with regard to their adaptation in our own teaching and our experiences with OER-based and other teaching concepts. The paper discusses four investigated research papers that each were reflected by the four authors - practitioners in higher education in Germany. It summarizes the main findings to draw conclusion on the current state of ideas of open educational practices and their practical adaptation and implementation in learning and teaching scenarios. 

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e83854

Authors: Melanie Pivarski, Matt von Konrat, Thomas Campbell, Ayesha Qazi-Lampert, Laura Trouille, Aimee Davis, Selma Aburahmeh, Joseph Aguilar, Cosmin Alb, Ken Alferes, Ella Barker, Kelli Boulware, Sicong Cao, Christine Christian, Arturo Corona Jr., Kaltra Demiri, Daniel Evans, Connor Flavin, Victoria Gogol, Elizabeth Heublein, Edward Huang, Jake Hutchinson, Cyrus Jackson, Odaliz Jackson, Michi Kirihara, Annette Kowalczyk, Alex Labontu, Briajia Levi, Sylvie Martin-Eberhardt, Joann Martinec, Pansy Nguyen, Sarah Nolimal, Victoria Reese, Joannie Rodriguez, Yarency Rodriguez, Jacob Shuler, Jasmine Silvestre, Glenn Simpson, Gabriel Somarriba, Rogers Ssozi, Tomomi Suwa, Cheyenne Syring, Keith Thompson, Caitlin Vaughn, Mario Viramontes, Chak Shing Wong

Abstract: Globally, thousands of institutions house nearly three billion scientific collections offering unparalleled resources that contribute to both science and society. For herbaria alone - facilities housing dried plant collections - there are over 3,000 herbaria worldwide with an estimated 350 million specimens that have been collected over the past four centuries. Digitization has greatly enhanced the use of herbarium data in scientific research, impacting diverse research areas, including biodiversity informatics, global climate change, analyses using next-generation sequencing technologies, and many others. Despite the entrance of herbaria into a new era with enhanced scientific, educational, and societal relevance, museum specimens remain underused. Natural history museums can enhance learning and engagement in science, particularly for school-age and undergraduate students. Here we outline a novel approach of a natural history museum using touchscreen technology that formed part of an interactive kiosk in a temporary museum exhibit on biological specimens. We provide some preliminary analysis investigating the efficacy of the tool, based on the Zooniverse platform, in an exhibit environment to engage patrons in the collection of biological data. We conclude there is great potential in using crowd‐sourced science coupled with online technology to unlock data and information from digital images of natural history specimens themselves. Sixty percent of the records generated by community scientists (citizen scientists) were of high enough quality to be utilized by researchers. All age groups produced valid, high quality data that could be used by researchers, including children (10 and under), teens, and adults. Significantly, the paper outlines the implementation of experiential learning through an undergraduate mathematics course that focuses on projects with actual data to gain a deep, practical knowledge of the subject, including observations, the collection of data, analysis, and problem solving. We here promote an intergenerational model including children, high school students, undergraduate students, early career scientists and senior scientists, combining experiential learning, museum patrons, researchers, and data derived from natural history collections. Natural history museums with their dual remit of education and collections-based research can play a significant role in the field of  community engagement and people-powered research. There also remains much to investigate on the use of interactive displays to help learners interpret and appreciate authentic research.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e70280

Authors: Lane Rasberry, Daniel Mietchen

Abstract: We present the design of a project to develop Wikipedia content on general vaccine safety and the COVID-19 vaccines, specifically. This proposal describes what a team would need to distribute public health information in Wikipedia in multiple languages in response to a disaster or crisis, and to measure and report the communication impact of the same. Researchers at the School of Data Science at the University of Virginia made this proposal in response to a February 2021 call from a sponsor which was seeking to share public health information to respond globally to vaccine hesitancy related to the COVID-19 vaccines. This proposal was not selected for funding, and now the research team is sharing the proposal here with an open copyright license for anyone to reuse and remix. Most of the text here is from the original proposal, but there are modifications to remove the names of the funder, named partners, and for other details to make this text more reusable. The budget in this proposal has been converted from a dollar amount to equivalent descriptions in terms of labor hours, and the timeline was adapted from absolute to relative months.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e68129

Authors: Daniel Mietchen, Lane Rasberry, Thais Morata, John Sadowski, Jeanette Novakovich, James Heilman

Abstract: In this era of information overload and misinformation, it is a challenge to rapidly translate evidence-based health information to the public. Viewership data following the Ebola crisis and during the COVID-19 pandemic reveals that a significant number of readers located health guidance through Wikipedia and related projects, including its media repository Wikimedia Commons and structured data complement, Wikidata. In 2013, Wikipedia’s medical content consisted of more than 155,000 articles and 1 billion bytes of text in over 255 languages, and the number of views during that year surpassed 4 billion, making it the most viewed medical resource worldwide.The research idea discussed in this paper aims to increase and expedite health institutions' global reach to the general public, by developing a specific strategy to maximize the availability of focused content into Wikimedia’s public digital knowledge archives.  It was conceptualized from the experiences of leading health organizations such as Cochrane, the World Health Organization (WHO), Cancer Research UK, National Network of Libraries of Medicine, and CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Each has customized strategies to integrate content in Wikipedia and evaluate responses. The research idea is to develop an interactive guide on the Wikipedia and Wikidata platforms to support health agencies, health professionals and communicators in quickly distributing key messages during crisis situations. The guide aims to cover basic features of Wikipedia, including translation into multiple languages; automated metrics reporting; sharing non-text media; anticipating offline reuse of Wikipedia content in apps or virtual assistants such as Apple's Siri or Google Assistant; using Wikidata to collect, curate, and share data; and a discussion of other flagship projects from major health organizations. In the first phase, we propose the development of a curriculum for the guide using information from prior case studies. In the second phase, the guide would be tested on select health-related topics as new case studies. In its third phase, the guide would be finalized and disseminated.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e66720

Authors: Julia Prieß-Buchheit, Lisa Häberlein, Tom Lindemann

Abstract: Do you want to teach researchers how to clarify their own role in research, as well as help them understand how important reliable research is for society? This handbook accompanies the Path2Integrity learning cards (P2ILC) on eight topics (https://www.path2integrity.eu/ri-materials) and introduces you to an easy and fun learning programme that has been evaluated in over 20 training sessions. The Path2Integrity learning cards Y-series is especially designed for early career and active researchers to learn how responsible research must necessarily be conducted in order to be reliable and in this sense useful for society.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e66719

Authors: Julia Prieß-Buchheit, Lisa Häberlein, Tom Lindemann

Abstract: Do you want to teach future researchers how to integrate their knowledge into their own research activities, as well as help them understand how important reliable research is for society? This handbook accompanies the Path2Integrity learning cards (P2ILC) on six topics (https://www.path2integrity.eu/ri-materials) and introduces you to an easy and fun learning programme that has been evaluated in over 15 training sessions. The Path2Integrity learning cards M-series is especially designed for graduates who already have a university degree. They learn how responsible research needs to be conducted in order to be reliable and thus useful for society.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e66718

Authors: Julia Prieß-Buchheit, Lisa Häberlein

Abstract: Do you want to teach your students how to do research, as well as help them understand how important reliable research is for society? This handbook accompanies the Path2Integrity learning cards (P2ILC) on five topics (https://www.path2integrity.eu/ri-materials) and introduces you to an easy and fun learning programme that has been evaluated in over 25 training sessions. The Path2Integrity learning cards S-series is especially designed for secondary school students and undergraduates. Through this series, students learn how research results must be produced in order to be reliable and thus useful for society.

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